Edge Computing
Information Technology

How Edge Computing Adds to Business Efficiency

Edge computing is a modern IT architecture to bring data analytics closer to the source of data. It's useful for IoT technology, remote work and transmitting data as efficiently and rapidly as possible. This type of networking is provided by Amazon Web Services, Dell, Cloudflare and other tech giants. Here are important points to know about edge computing for improving your business network.


Data Collection at the Edge Layer

Part of venturing into big data involves managing a high volume of data transmission to prevent or reduce network latency. The more congested a network becomes with data exchanges, the less reliable transmission performance and speed will be. The amount of bandwidth you use plays a major role in how much data you're able to transmit or receive on a network.

A solution to this big data congestion problem is edge computing. The term "edge" may refer to a network hub that collects IoT data from various sensors. It may also refer to gateways and bridges between local infrastructure and the public internet. Edge computing is the second of six layers of IoT architecture. The other layers involve IoT platforms and devices, connectivity, data management and applications.

Components of an app that collect real-time data from IoT sensors can be embedded in edge servers. That was the way edge computing began to evolve commercially earlier this century to make video and web content closer to users. Today, edge computing solutions include online shopping carts and web widgets that present data in real time.

If your goal is to manage big data more efficiently, edge computing might be the solution for you. Not only does it provide cost efficiency, it delivers faster response times.

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Who Typically Uses Edge Computing?

Edge computing has been embraced by organizations that regularly transmit a high volume of data. Industrial firms use edge computing for their robust control systems. This architecture has also become common with the telecommunications and media industries. Other industries that use this method to streamline operations include retail, manufacturing, healthcare, construction, transportation and agriculture.

A factory or warehouse is likely to use edge computing as a way to manage daily high volumes of data without sending it to the cloud. Farms are starting to embed sensors in fields to monitor crop development and environmental conditions. Autonomous vehicles that are being developed for industrial use are full of IoT sensors, in which keeping data localized is more practical than cloud computing.

The more a business collects big data without sending it to the cloud, the faster it can learn how to streamline its operations without slowing down the network. Any business using applications that require immediate insights or control based on real-time analytics can be enhanced with edge computing. Collecting high-volume data in multiple remote locations is another scenario in which edge computing is the more effective selection.


How Edge Computing Works

Edge computing has been around for about as long as the web, as it developed throughout the nineties. It started with remote computing, such as branch offices connecting with a central location. Traditionally, data was processed at the user or client-side, then was transmitted over the internet to a LAN, where it was stored. The data could then be processed using an enterprise app. Ultimately, the data was sent back online to a client device.

In a more updated paradigm, IT architects have reimagined how edge computing can be even more efficient. Instead of relying on the centralized data center model, a more modern solution is to design an edge infrastructure. While an edge infrastructure may include cloud solutions, it typically comprises many small data centers.

The focus has sharpened more on building an infrastructure full of business intelligence. Here are some of the most valuable forms of business intelligence associated with IoT sensors:

  • Video surveillance systems
  • Real-time sales data
  • Predictive analytics to trigger automated repair
  • Power generation data
  • Data for evaluating product quality


Key Applications for Adopting Edge Solutions

The more concern you have for managing quantity of data, the more you should consider edge solutions in your networking. Here are some of the main reasons for adopting the edge that cross all types of business:

  • Improve your network performance - Since IoT devices will handle data processing, your network won't be strained with big data. You can cut costs and preserve bandwidth for other business activity. An edge solution gives you greater control for clearing out network congestion. Additionally, edge computing selects a path with the lowest latency and least resistance for data transmission.
  • Add IoT devices to your infrastructure - It's important to view IoT and edge as separate, but overlapping concepts, rather than synonyms. IoT devices such as smartphones, smartwatches and smart thermostats connect with the internet using edge computing.
  • Use wearable technology - The healthcare industry has helped pioneer wearables as a form of remote monitoring. Now millions of seniors wearing items with embedded sensors can be remotely tracked by their doctors. Wearables allow for continuous connection with patients to monitor heart rate, blood pressure and various other biological activity.
  • Track retail sales - Retail stores use edge solutions for sales analysis, inventory, security and surveillance tracking. Sensors can be embedded at point-of-sale stations to track sales as they occur in real time. You can easily access this data on your smartphone. Since you'll be able to track a vast amount of sales data, you'll build a knowledge base for machine learning software to scan historical financial information.
  • Improve products based on tracking data - Manufacturers use IoT and edge computing for continuously monitoring system processes. Due to the efficient use of vast data, an edge solution allows manufacturers to quickly detect system flaws, such as in production equipment. Machine learning software can quickly provide problem-solving recommendations.
  • Promote sustainable practices - Using edge computing is a step toward sustainability in the sense that it cuts costs, reduces waste and conserves resources.


Main Benefits of Edge Computing

Four top benefits when deploying an edge computing solution are latency reduction, bandwidth conservation, cybersecurity solutions and increased reliability. Big data can eat up limited bandwidth, so the solution is to transmit data more efficiently.

Edge computing is all about reducing the distance data has to travel from point A to point B. It's ideal for organizations that prioritize data speed, as an edge solution reduces network latency. Any business that profits from streaming live data can benefit from edge strategies.


Concerns About Edge Computing

In the process of data transmission, data can get intercepted by third parties without a strong cybersecurity solution. The more IoT devices and data occupy a network, the more you increase risks of a cybersecurity breach. Even the best cybersecurity technology can be compromised if a hacker is persistent. Processing data at network edges is safer than across multiple internet hubs.

Reliability of data transmission is another key concern when using edge computing. If connectivity is lost, do you have a backup plan? Keep in mind, it's possible for data to be corrupted or lost without hackers involved. When network connectivity becomes unreliable, it can be at the expense of profits, such as with trading stocks online. Edge computing improves reliability, as long as you have a backup plan if your main network goes down.


Why Many Businesses Prefer the Cloud

Some of the main reservations business managers have about edge adoption is that its purpose typically is limited, compared with the multi-purpose nature of the cloud. The issue of connectivity is a big factor that drives certain businesses to cloud services that are "always on." A 24-7 online ecommerce site cannot afford much downtime. In that sense, the cloud is usually more reliable.

Even though edge computing provides strong security, the more devices you put on a network, the more vulnerable it becomes. Many businesses don't want the trouble of handling cybersecurity issues with in-house personnel, so they outsource to reputable data centers. IT specialists at the data centers take care of network monitoring, making the cloud a turn-key solution for many companies.


Edge vs. Cloud Comparison

There's no reason to view the edge as competing with the cloud, since both computing solutions have advantages for certain scenarios. You may decide to adopt a hybrid "cloud edge" strategy. FedEx, for example, uses a cloud edge strategy that supports IoT, robotics and automated processing.

While edge computing has storage limitations, cloud computing offers unlimited storage possibilities for websites. At the same time, edge computing provides faster data transmission and greater data protection. Overall, the edge is more efficient for remote tracking, whereas it takes more time to send data to the cloud.

If your goal is to manage big data more efficiently, edge computing might be the solution for you. Not only does it provide cost efficiency, it delivers faster response times.


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IoT Devices and Applications
Internet Of Things

Understanding IoT Devices and Their Applications

Everywhere you turn, IoT devices are popping up as they increasingly populate workplaces and homes. The number of active IoT devices is expected to reach 22 billion by 2025, nearly tripling the amount in 2022. IoT systems operate on layers, with the first being sensors embedded in IoT devices. Let's explore what these devices and their applications are.


IoT Devices

What IoT devices are capable of performing depends tremendously on the quality of the technology. Small IoT devices usually operate on low power, limiting the amount of data they can process in a specific time frame. IoT devices may also be limited by memory and size constraints.


IoT Device Components

The five components that make up IoT devices are sensors, computing, connectivity, power and housing. Here's a closer look at these five components:

  1. Sensors, actuators, and indicators - These components define the first layer of any IoT system. Their role is to convert information from the analog world into digital signals. Sensory devices such as meters are included in this initial layer. The term "things" in "internet of things" refers to network endpoints where raw data is collected. Sensors work with actuators such as automated switches in response to conditions that threaten physical objects. They can trigger responses that affect indicators such as an alert light turning red or the sound of an alarm. While sensors are not necessarily specific to applications, they are often designed for specific applications.
  2. Computing power - In order to process data at the endpoint where it's collected, IoT devices need a certain level of computing power. The choices for high-quality IoT are between microcontrollers and microprocessors. Microcontrollers don't require as much power and are generally cheaper than microprocessors. The main disadvantage to microcontrollers, which are often used in small devices, is they have less memory.
  3. Connectivity - An IoT device needs to have a way to transmit data to the cloud or a data center so that real-time data is available for access. Traditional connectivity includes ethernet cables, but today Wi-Fi allows for wireless transmission. The factors that affect selection of a connectivity method include how much power is available, transmission range and data volume.
  4. Power - It helps to know and plan for the power needs of an IoT device to avoid poor performance. You should know the voltage and current requirements of each device, as well as whether it runs on batteries or plugs into AC power. This information will help you plan for potential power interruptions. Ideally, the power source is reliable, such as AC or a long-lasting battery. The power needs of a device are affected by its durability, connection frequency and peak power load capacity.
  5. Housing - Where the sensors are installed can affect performance as well. It's best to keep sensors protected from extreme temperature, humidity and moisture. Sensors should also be free of contact with chemicals, UV rays and mechanical stress. Exposure to liquids or vapor can be troublesome for the lifespan of a sensor. To establish the right housing of a sensor, it's best to first understand the environment where it will be placed.
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Advanced IoT Devices

Some of the more advanced devices that interact with IoT platforms include autonomous vehicles, robots and drones. Autonomous machines have existed for several decades in the form of industrial assembly line equipment. The advances in IoT in recent years have helped speed up the development of self-driving cars. But the use of autonomous vehicles is mainly still limited to industrial and logistics operations.

Robotics is a field that has rapidly advanced in recent years after many decades of slow development. The combination of artificial intelligence and IoT sensors is now the foundation for modern design of advanced robots. Adding connectivity to a robot makes it much smarter than classic robot models. With the help of machine learning software and an internet connection to hundreds or thousands of IoT sensors, a robot can report a wealth of knowledge. A mobile robot, such as a drone or autonomous vehicle, potentially has even more powerful data collecting capabilities.

Technology that facilitates connectivity for advanced devices includes Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and NB-IoT, along with 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G networks. Key considerations for selecting an IoT platform include whether the communication will be indoor or outdoor and in a private or public place. Another consideration is reliability for connectivity and uptime.


Demand for IoT Devices

Today, half of IoT platform manufacturers have sharpened their focus on producing sensors for manufacturing and industrial use, according to IoT Analytics. As business leaders become increasingly aware of the economic benefits associated with IoT, demand is expected to grow exponentially for the production of sensors in the next few years. The healthcare and retail industries also project high demand for IoT devices. As satellites populate space, it will attract new companies that integrate satellite and IoT technology.


Applications for IoT Devices

IoT devices come in various sizes. Some IoT devices are tiny, such as temperature sensors. Others are large, such as self-driving vehicles. The design of any IoT device is typically based on its application. Here are some of the many applications for IoT devices:

  • Enterprise solutions - A multitude of business activities can be monitored by IoT sensors to improve an enterprise. Customer relations can improve significantly by tracking customer responses to store layout and marketing strategies. Cybersecurity uses IoT sensors to collect threat information that can then trigger a solution to prevent or mitigate a disaster. Companies may use IoT devices to track employee location and performance.
  • Smart home integration - Homeowners are increasingly adopting smart technology to improve energy efficiency. A smart thermostat can automatically adjust the temperature of a room if it gets out of desired range. Many modern homes across America already have smart meters that monitor energy and water consumption. Homeowners can access this information on their smartphones. Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg's home is set up for voice-activated commands for turning on lights and other functions. His security system uses facial recognition technology.
  • Modern agriculture - IoT sensors can monitor several aspects of the environment to assist farmers with harvesting insights. The sensors can monitor soil composition, air and water quality and levels of harmful pollutants. This data can help farmers determine appropriate fertilizer. A farm can have sensors embedded in animals, as well as machinery to protect assets. Farmers use water data for irrigation planning. Agricultural professionals must also be cognizant of climate change, in which IoT sensors monitor weather patterns and trigger alerts for sudden storms and floods. They can get aerial views of their property from drone photography to evaluate harvesting conditions.
  • Formation of smart cities - Resource management is a major reason many local governments are adopting smart city infrastructure. Cities can monitor pollution and traffic congestion, as well as resolve parking problems with strategically-placed IoT devices. Infrastructure elements such as street lights can use IoT sensors to report issues such as when lights need replacing. Disaster management is another area that calls for local officials to study IoT data to evaluate damage and help locate victims.
  • Supply chain improvements - Effective supply chain management (SCM) is a major concern among manufacturers to ensure inventory gets transported safely from point A to B. Real-time trackers are used to locate products in warehouses and during deliveries. They can help determine smart routing choices and manage fleets remotely in real-time.
  • Wearables for healthcare - These electronic items are worn by patients at home so that doctors can monitor them remotely. The real-time aspect of wearables can greatly improve medical research on top of saving lives. Telemedicine became more prominent during the pandemic, as remote meetings with doctors on smartphones helped reduce the strain of crowded hospitals. Wearables include smartwatches and fitness trackers, as well as various devices that track biological activity such as heart rate and blood pressure.
  • Smart grids - Utility companies are steadily embracing smart grids and alternative energy to deal with growing power demand. When sensors detect power disruptions, they can trigger the use of alternative energy. IoT devices embedded throughout power plants can send alerts to identify power transmission problems. The sensors monitor energy consumption of the power plant as well as customers. Smart grids are destined to help energy producers go more green as they have sensors that analyze the operation's carbon footprint.
  • Connected factories - Manufacturers use industrial IoT (IIoT) to streamline operations and resolve system vulnerabilities as they appear. IoT technology enables a cost-cutting strategy known as cost-based maintenance (CBM), in which maintenance is conducted only if necessary. Managers can use IoT data to prioritize maintenance issues. Factories also use IoT devices for product testing and development.


Conclusion

IoT is about collecting and transmitting real-time data, but in order to be useful, it must accompany competent data analysis, by humans, machines or both. Investing in the right IoT devices and hiring appropriate talent can elevate your business beyond traditional expectations.


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IoT Changing Business and Society
Internet Of Things

Significant Ways the Internet of Things Is Changing Business and Society

These days, the internet of things (IoT) has become a top consideration for businesses trying to gain a competitive edge. IoT technology delivers useful information quickly to help businesses improve operational efficiency. It's based on sensors that communicate through radio waves.


More About the Internet of Things (IoT)

The internet of things is a system of interconnected physical and digital worlds. It relies on electronic sensors that collect and transmit data over wireless networks. Physical objects of any kind can now be embedded with sensors, turning them into digital devices. IoT sensors are capable of tracking environmental, biological, chemical, mechanical and electronic data, making them valuable tools for a wide range of industries.

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Why Is IoT So important?

IoT sensors can be used to monitor the performance of systems and components. Managers can analyze the data to determine system flaws swiftly and move faster at decisions on improvements. Not only can this data provide insights about a system's vulnerabilities, but the data can also be fed into machine learning software to generate quick recommendations to resolve complex problems. The combination of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and automation empowers an organization even more, as certain data can trigger automated actions.

The payoff to investing in IoT technology is that it streamlines operations, elevates productivity and increases profit margins. Valuable insights captured from real-time IoT data beyond internal operations include what customers think about products and services. Digital infrastructure including IoT is now used by many warehouses and transportation firms, allowing consumers to track deliveries online in real time.


What Technologies Have Made IoT Possible?

The concept of IoT has existed for many decades, but recent advancements have helped accelerate its adoption among major corporations. Here are the key technologies that have paved the way for IoT's rapid deployment:

  • Access to affordable low-power sensors - Affordable sensors that don't use much energy make it easy for manufacturers to invest in IoT.
  • Easy connectivity - Network internet protocols have made it easy for wireless data transmission from sensors to the cloud.
  • Cloud platforms - The proliferation of various cloud-based software services has made business operations more seamless and scalable.
  • Analytics - Data collected from sensors can be used in multiple ways. The key is to prioritize data relevant to improving the company's bottom line and culture while avoiding the trap of sorting through too much irrelevant data.
  • Machine learning software - This software can scan millions of data points in seconds to generate reports that reveal valuable insights. Ultimately, it can draw data from various integrated remote sources connected to a network. The existence of this technology has pushed the boundaries of what IoT can do.
  • Conversational AI - IoT devices can include natural language processing (NLP) software, allowing for conversational AI. Many consumers have already explored conversational AI through digital assistants such as Alexa, Siri and Cortana.


How to Unlock Business Value with IoT

A company can improve its financial health and stability by paying attention to what IoT data reveals about its processes. Here are key ways that IoT unlocks value for businesses:

  • Use data-driven insights to cut costs and waste
  • Digitize the physical world, making it easy to track real-time value
  • Increase output and efficiency, leading to increased profits
  • Formulate new business models and revenue opportunities


Industries That Can Benefit from IoT

Various industries can streamline operations via IoT technology by studying real-time and historical data generated by sensors embedded in objects. Tech companies that manufacture IoT devices are in a game-changing position to help the entire business and social landscape save time and money. Here are the key industries that have already played a huge role in IoT advancement:

  • Manufacturing - It's important for manufacturers to cut waste as much as possible in the production process. Production efficiency allows for lower prices for consumers while raising profit margins for the manufacturer. IoT sensors measure production performance and can detect system vulnerabilities in real time. The faster producers fix production problems, the faster they cut losses.
  • Utilities - Power and water plants use IoT to detect leaks and other flaws in delivery systems. An electric utility can now automatically switch to alternative energy sources when traditional sources have shortages or dropouts. Water utilities used to suffer massive water loss from pipe leaks, but can now detect leaks early, thanks to IoT. Many utilities have adopted smart meters to gauge energy and water consumption more accurately.
  • Automotive - Not only do automakers use IoT to monitor assembly lines, but they also use it in the vehicles they manufacture. IoT sensors in cars alert drivers on system and component performance and when it's time to get service. Automakers also use IoT to connect with their suppliers and dealers. The digital connections between auto manufacturers, dealers, suppliers, repair shops and consumers have aggregated vast amounts of valuable data for everyone involved.
  • Transportation and Logistics - Trucking and shipping companies use IoT to track vehicle performance, fuel efficiency, speed and geolocation. Transportation companies can streamline operations by hiring good drivers who pay attention to real-time vehicle data. Geolocation data can be shared throughout the supply chain to estimate delivery times. Logistics firms further benefit from IoT in being able to track the location and status of every inventory item being stored or shipped.
  • Retail - Many retail outlets have warehouses or backroom storage areas to maintain a supply of inventory. With hundreds or thousands of products to track, IoT, RFID and a barcode scanner simplify the search for any item. Retailers tap into supply chain networks that use IoT to instantly answer questions about product availability. The retail industry also uses IoT devices that monitor consumer behavior in stores to improve the layout and customer experience.
  • Healthcare - Hospitals have embraced IoT in the form of wearables that track patients. It's helpful for locating patients in wheelchairs that have gotten lost in a hospital. IoT devices can save lives as doctors remotely monitor a patient's heart rate, blood pressure and other bodily functions. Alerts are sent to medical professionals when a connected patient needs immediate medical attention based on biological data.


How IoT is changing the world with connected cars

Now that cars connect to the internet, the relationship between automakers and consumers is changing. It used to be when you bought a car from a dealer, you went to the dealer for service instead of the manufacturer directly. Now with connected cars, automakers have continuous access to customers via wireless communication. Modern cars equipped with automated self-correcting features help cut down on downtime and maintenance.

One of the most eye-opening IoT developments is self-driving cars. AI, automation and connectivity combine to make autonomous machines revolutionary with the capability of remote operation. This technology makes it possible for an individual to control their car with a smartphone. If you add voice recognition technology, you can actually talk to your vehicle from any location and tell it to do simple tasks.


Conclusion

While the internet of things may still be invisible to many people, businesses can gain powerful advantages by investing in it. If you want to learn more about how IoT is changing businesses and beyond, join us for the Summit of Things. It's our largest event this year that is highly focused on IoT, and attended by IoT leaders and experts from leading brands for panel discussions, keynotes, training sessions, and more. To register and to find more info about this event, go to: https://iotmktg.com/summit-of-things/


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3D Printing Transform Business
Internet Of Things

How 3D Printing and IoT Will Transform Business

One of the most understated developments in modern technology is the 3D printing of IoT devices. The 3D printer is helping spark the growth of IoT in various ways and is becoming increasingly more useful to businesses seeking to innovate. Here's a look at the impact 3D printing has had on IoT technology.


More Efficient Prototypes

It's no surprise that 3D printing of IoT prototyping continues after all these years. The 3D printer's original main role in the late eighties was prototyping. No longer did prototyping have to be so expensive and generate waste. It opened the door for inventors, engineers, and designers to experiment more often and freely. Designs can be simple or complex and turned around quickly in the world of 3D printing.

These days, it's possible to manufacture a wide variety of IoT devices in a few days with a 3D printer. Testing out a prototype simplifies production and reduces errors. If a prototype is bad, it doesn't cost much to replace it with an improved prototype. Many times a prototype can be made by a 3D printer with lightweight but strong and durable parts.

The 3D design files are saved as either CAD or STL files so that they can be easily loaded into a 3D printer. Any number of units can be produced by the printer, but keeping runs short is key to greater efficiency. It's not difficult to make adjustments to the design if a flaw has been identified.

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Lower IoT Costs

Designers of new products can feel relieved that 3D printers lower production risks in numerous ways. The machine keeps production consistent yet flexible. The materials used in 3D printing are typically recyclable, reducing production costs.

By producing 3D-printed plastic circuits, you can reduce the cost of making an IoT device. One of the main reasons managers hesitate to invest in digital transformation is the high cost of new technology. But lowering the cost of IoT devices is a step toward wider acceptance.

Another reason why costs are lower with items made by 3D printers is that the design process is more energy-efficient. Furthermore, the parts of a device can all be made in one place by one machine, eliminating the need to transport different machine parts through different delivery services. This streamlined process contributes to a more eco-friendly production system.


Smaller Higher-Quality IoT Devices

One of the most compelling ways that IoT is changing businesses is with the use of tiny sensors that can be installed in a multitude of places. The 3D printer allows for making sensors as tiny as they need to be. Smaller shapes and sizes reduce costs for the consumer.

The shrinking of IoT sensors has played a major role in revolutionizing the healthcare industry, particularly with wearables. Not only can IoT devices be developed efficiently with 3D printers, but so can human body parts. Medical professionals are in a better position to save lives with printed hearts, livers, and kidneys when necessary.


Easy Production of IoT Devices

Many of the problems manufacturers have encountered in traditional production processes have become streamlined by 3D printers. These modern machines make it possible to efficiently do short runs on production orders. They also allow designers to keep improving a product at low cost without generating waste.

The on-demand model of production has positive qualities linked to sustainability. The idea that products are only produced when ordered reduces the problem of inventory taking up space until it's sold. You won't have to pay for the production of a product until it's ordered, so items pay for themselves. This new thinking reduces the odds of debt or loss from unsold inventory.

Tech companies that invest in 3D printing technology for creating different solutions have the opportunity to disrupt markets. There's a growing demand in the business world for both IoT devices and more efficient production. The stage is set for many new independent development companies to thrive by marketing IoT innovations.

The IoT market will grow exponentially in the next decade, particularly to meet the needs of advanced security systems. The merging of artificial intelligence (AI) with IoT will take the technology to an even more profound level. Ultimately, 3D printers are making it possible to run an efficient factory and warehouse without taking up so much space.

The adoption of IoT in the business world will accelerate with the 3D printing of IoT devices, making "always on" systems more affordable.


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3D Printed Sensors
3D Printing

How 3D-Printed Sensors Help Advance Space Communications

The age of 3D-printed sensors has brought the world to a stage of meaningful integration with satellite communications. New 3D-printed plasma sensors are being used to measure atmospheric conditions for orbiting satellites. Here's a look at where this exciting space technology is going and how it will help businesses on Earth.


Monitoring the Atmosphere

One of the key functions of 3D-printed sensors embedded in lightweight, low-power satellites is to collect data on the Earth's upper atmosphere. Plasma sensors can also track the atmosphere's chemical composition of ion energy distribution.

MIT researchers have developed sensors for monitoring conditions in the Earth's upper atmosphere called retarding potential analyzers (RPAs). These sensors can be produced inexpensively in a matter of a few days. The first use of RPAs was in a 1959 space mission.

RPAs must be designed to be well insulated and weather-resistant. Some of the more durable 3D-printed models are made from a glass-ceramic material rather than silicon. Designers of spacecraft sensors favor polymers because they can be shaped in infinite ways. This material can also withstand extreme temperatures in Earth's lower orbit.


Evolution of Space Sensors

The evolution of RPAs has led to versatile use, including for the spacecraft CubeSat. The sensors used for these space projects comprise a series of electrically charged meshes with tiny holes for plasma to pass through. Through a filtering process, particles are stripped away, leaving just ions that form an electric current. The sensors can measure different aspects of the current.

Durable materials such as vitrolite can withstand high temperatures without breaking down. Polymers, however, begin to melt at 400 degrees Celsius. Scientists are currently working on new ideas for fabricating 3D products.

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The use of ceramic material involves pointing a laser at ceramic powder, then shaping the layer. This method has advanced quickly due to the ability of a 3D printer to generate multiple prototypes in a short period. MIT scientist Luis Fernando Velasquez-Garcia is working on reducing the thickness of sensor layers and improving their precision.

The current trend in space satellites is that 3D printing is being used more frequently. Some of the companies engaging in additive manufacturing for satellites include Boeing, Airbus and Fleet Space. Pioneers in this development are preparing for future space missions including the possibility of colonizing another planet. A goal of the aerospace company SpaceX is to colonize Mars by 2050.


Future Development of Satellite Sensors

While it's difficult to predict how advanced satellite sensors will be in twenty years, it's safe to say they will be superior to today's technology. Data collection will be more precise and data transmission will be more seamless. The hardware designed for satellites can be quickly replaced when vulnerabilities are detected. The most advanced satellites will be equipped with self-healing AI software that resolves technical issues quickly.

Satellites of the future may not need to be as large as they are now. The expansion of tiny sensors that measure activity in several layers of the atmosphere will help optimize orbital paths of satellites. Automated 3D printers in space can be useful for manufacturing hardware solutions when the satellite encounters technical trouble.

NASA has been a major developer of space-based 3D printing for many years. In the past, NASA has printed wrenches on the International Space Station. One of the space agency's projects for the future is developing spacecraft that can build a solar array. The more technology advances to support energy-harvesting solutions, the greater chance of the same equipment being used for space missions indefinitely.

As far as deep space explorations, there's starting to be chatter about building spacecraft that can build self-healing devices with 3D printers. AI will be part of the infrastructure, as machine learning software can scan a wealth of data to arrive at the best hardware solution that can be made with a 3D printer. Since 3D printers can print food and medicine, long-distance space travel will become possible for humans.

The advent of 3D-printed robots will be a major leap forward for space technology. These robots might even become the first inhabitants of other planets such as Mars. Their duties will include digging tunnels and manufacturing 3D-printed structures.


Conclusion

There's a bright future for 3D-printed sensors in space to improve satellite communications and data collection. The more this technology advances, the more you'll see startups launch in space.

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3D Printing Wearables
3D Printing

Healthcare in the Age of Widespread 3D Printing Wearables

The advent of 3D printing wearables has tremendously helped elevate the efficiency of the healthcare industry. It has improved the doctor-patient relationship to be ongoing and quicker at resolving health issues, thanks to wearables that transmit patient data to the hospital in real-time. Here's a look at what this amazing portable wireless technology can do to improve society.


Innovative New Medical Wearables

Today's most powerful 3D printers are capable of printing products in any shape. Medical wearables can be made completely by a 3D printer, which includes the printed circuit board. New ideas for 3D printing wearables can now be formulated and tested on a regular instead of occasional basis. The recent development of self-charging medical wearables, along with self-healing medical wearables, is taking medical research to a more sophisticated level.

Hearing aids are among the many types of medical wearables that can be prototyped and tested in a short time frame. The use of 3D printing makes it possible to test different hearing solutions without running up a huge bill. Harvard was a pioneering university at paving the way toward low-cost hybrid 3D printing of wearables.

One of the keys to the flexibility of wearables is the use of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as a printing material with bendable qualities. This material can be blended with metals such as silver for the conductive elements of an electronic device.

The 3D printing wearables of this century are revolutionizing several industries, particularly the medical industry. Wearable devices that track patient data are saving lives and helping patients improve at a faster pace.

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Energy Harvesting

The concept of energy harvesting can be implemented with solar, RF, thermal, mechanical or chemical methods. The main drawback to solar is that it doesn't provide much power over the short term. Otherwise, it's free energy from the sun. The pairing of solar panels and longer-lasting batteries will be the key to broader use of wearables indoors and at night.

RF energy harvesters use specifically-tuned antennas to communicate data with wireless devices over the air. Powering RF devices depends on proximity and size of the power source. It's now possible for devices to draw power from surrounding RF signals. Thermoelectric devices called "rectennas" operate like car antennas, except they capture light and heat and convert it into energy.

Energy harvesting devices can be made by 3D printers, as the materials are based on plastics and metals. The more scientists develop the concept of energy harvesting, the more it will resolve issues related to "always on" concerns about digital technology.


Medical Wearables in the Future

Wearable technology is in its infancy and will be much more advanced by the next decade. The development of customized "bio-symbiotic devices" has opened the door to TPU-based printing on a wider scale in the medical industry. The most modern wearable devices are made to fit under clothing with lightweight material. The idea of carrying around a heavy portable device is long gone.

New wearables will be made for appropriate placement on the body for gathering data. The comfort of the user will be a priority in the design, as well as keeping the device unnoticeable. Wearables will include energy storage systems such as batteries that provide a 24/7 connection with the hospital. The smart device will combine compact energy storage with wireless energy harvesting.

The odds favor future wearables being less conspicuous, making them easy to hide in clothing or even jewelry. Beautiful earrings may also house data-collecting sensors. The placement of sensors can be anywhere on clothing, such as on the shoulders. Shoes of the future will be designed to capture energy from movement, which will help power wearable devices. Sensors in shoes will also be able to cool your feet when you want.

The batteries in future wearables will be more durable, which will cut costs over time. Some wearables will draw energy from body heat or motion. Solar wearables will become more common the more solar technology advances in energy efficiency. Wearing solar-powered products helps raise awareness of the many things nature can do to cut costs while reducing impact on the environment.

To protect the user, wearables will be equipped with stronger security systems, such as those that require authentication. Some wearables may even be embedded underneath the skin for certain applications. Perhaps the most advanced achievements in wearables will be the direct and continuous connection with a virtual assistant who can answer medical questions.

The 3D printing wearables of this century are revolutionizing several industries, particularly the medical industry. Wearable devices that track patient data are saving lives and helping patients improve at a faster pace.

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How IoT Technology Works
Internet Of Things

Understanding How IoT Technology Works

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interconnected devices that transmit data over a digital network. At the foundation of IoT technology is radio frequency (RF) communication, in which data is transmitted from wireless sensors through the air to a database or online storage hub. Here's a look at how IoT is rapidly improving business efficiency.


How IoT Functions

The main elements that IoT technology is built upon are sensors, network connectivity, data processing and a user interface. The sensors in IoT devices collect data that is delivered to cloud servers so it can be accessed remotely anytime from any device. Today, a wide range of products have embedded RF chips, making them easy to track through IoT devices.

The data generated from IoT devices can be accessed by analysts in real-time, which helps identify and correct problems quickly. Large complexes such as factories and warehouses can maximize this technology using machine learning software that scans vast amounts of data in seconds. The software can survey historical data to answer immediate questions about patterns in the data.


How a Smart Car Works with IoT

A smart car is embedded with many sensors that track data about the vehicle, such as overall performance and fuel efficiency. Safety features included in smart cars are collision sensors, environmental control, and alert services. One of the major advantages of a smart car is that GPS provides routing directions to desired destinations.

Another advantage of smart car technology is it provides automated alerts that tell you when auto parts are not functioning properly or when it's time for a tune-up. Smart cars can monitor technical details about themselves, making troubleshooting much easier for technicians. The car also senses movement in the environment, which is the foundation to self-driving vehicles.

While there is increasing talk about autonomous vehicles, they have mainly been used for industrial purposes so far. Robots and autonomous machines have been used by manufacturers for decades, but in the past decade have they become integrated with IoT sensors to improve self-driving capabilities. It's now possible to remotely control a smart vehicle through the cloud.

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IoT in Agriculture

Farmers are steadily integrating IoT into their systems for analyzing crop development and maximizing natural resources. During a drought, farmers need to conserve and optimize water usage as much as possible. Smart technology helps farmers monitor temperature, humidity, water levels and soil conditions. This data can help farmers cut costs.

Thanks to IoT, drones and GPS, farmers can take aerial photography of their properties to evaluate which areas yield the most efficient crop output. IoT devices can also help farmers measure pesticide levels, as well as the health of livestock. Sensors can be embedded in fences surrounding livestock and crops for control options.


Warehouse IoT

Warehousing is becoming much more streamlined through digital transformation, which includes IoT. Due to the complexity of a warehouse that stores hundreds or thousands of inventory products, it only makes sense these days to invest in a warehouse management system embedded with IoT sensors. The combination of IoT and bar scanning devices makes it easy for warehouse workers to rapidly locate any inventory item.

The key for a warehouse to maximize IoT is to share data throughout the supply chain. IoT data can be sent to the warehouse's cloud servers from multiple sources. Not only can IoT accurately track inventory, but it's also useful for tracking logistics operations such as transportation for arrival and departure times. IoT sensors are what make it possible to check real-time delivery status.

Real-time data makes IoT very valuable to a warehouse when it comes to moving inventory in and out. Managers have real-time data at their fingertips to help gauge which supplies to order. In the past, it was much more difficult to conduct accurate inventory counts, but IoT makes it simple. When suppliers throughout a supply chain share their IoT data, it helps speed up ordering and avoid supply shortages.

The most ideal scenario for warehouse technology is investing in an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system that collects data from IoT sensors. The different business modules that feed into this system can facilitate data collection on product purchasing, accounting and distribution. It can also provide direct contact links with customers to get their feedback on order fulfillment. Ultimately, integrating ERP with IoT devices helps a warehouse manager predict supply and demand trends, which is essential to profitability.


Conclusion

The IoT revolution is steadily gaining attention in the business world for its streamlining qualities, especially with agricultural, manufacturing, warehousing and distribution outlets. Learn more about what IoT technology can do to streamline your business by joining Summit of Things. Find more info and get your ticket here: https://iotmktg.com/summit-of-things/


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Self-Organizing Mesh Networks
Networking

The Basics and Benefits of Self-Organizing Mesh Networks

Many of today's businesses use mesh networks for various reasons such as offering network resources to clients. They've helped improve wired and wireless networking capabilities for law enforcement and industrial facilities. Mesh networks particularly integrate well with IoT sensors. Here are details on how businesses can improve communications with mesh networks.


What is a Mesh Network?

The definition of a mesh network, also called "meshnet", is a local area topology encompassing multiple interconnected infrastructure devices in a non-hierarchical manner. Information is relayed hopping from node to node in a mesh network. The advantage of this type of design is that every node in the network can participate in relaying data to and from clients. Additionally, mesh networks have self-organizing and self-configuring capabilities.

Topology refers to how network nodes are arranged, which can be mesh, star or cluster-tree. Meshnets are different from the more conventional star or cluster-tree configurations. Out of these three main topologies, the star configuration, also known as point-to-point architecture, uses the least amount of power, due to its direct wireless simplicity.

In a star topology, devices communicate with the gateway instead of with each other. But interference may occur when another signal enters the line-of-sight transmission path to the device. All devices in the star topology must be within reach of the signal from the base station. In the universal cluster-tree topology, every branch, which represents a data link, uses low bandwidth.

Automation properties of a mesh network allow for dynamic distribution of workloads, such as when a device fails. One of the reasons mesh networks haven't grown to be omnipresent yet is due to the lack of common standards among vendors. A key reason for adopting meshnets is they provide advantages in security and reliability.


Types of Mesh Networks

  • Wi-Fi Mesh - This low-cost framework offers limited mobility with radio coverage range. It consists of wireless radio devices including a router.
  • Wired Mesh - Cabling is installed in order for network connectivity through Ethernet ports. This network requires a modem and additional equipment.
  • Full Mesh Topology - Nodes are directly linked to each other or over the internet. A full mesh topology eliminates single points of failure.
  • Partial Mesh Topology - This topology is designed to facilitate high-volume data transmission seamlessly. It's useful for scalability issues such as adding devices without disrupting transmission. Nodes can be used as repeaters to expand the network's range.
  • Hybrid Mesh Topology - A mix of wireless and wired communications systems are deployed. The wired element expands coverage area, as the wireless element utilizes the Ethernet interface. Unlike Wi-Fi, there are no lags in connectivity since each node can communicate wirelessly to other nodes.
  • Infrastructure Mesh Architecture - This type of network improves efficiency and reliability in computing without a centralized server. It's useful for ensuring low latency.
  • Client-Based Mesh Architecture - Using a peer-to-peer architecture, this network solution involves sending data packets via a mesh router.
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Self-Organizing Wireless Mesh Networks

The best way to understand a mesh network is that it has self-organizing capabilities and uses mesh topology. The performance is measured by Throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and Delay Parameters (relating to transmission time from source to destination). Throughput relates to the average rate of successfully sent packets over the connection. PDR equates to the total number of successfully transmitted packets to the destination divided by the number of packets sent.

What Does a Self-Organizing Network Do?

A self-organizing network (SON) has multiple functions including automated configuration, healing and protection with the help of artificial intelligence (AI). Here are deeper details on what these processes can do:

  • Self-configuration - The system automatically identifies and registers new access points. Radios in close proximity automatically adjust technical parameters to avoid interference.
  • Self-healing - This feature allows for the system to automatically resolve network problems when base stations become disconnected.
  • Self-protection - The network automatically resists system penetration by unwanted or unknown users.

Types of Self-Organizing Networks

The three types of self-organizing networks are: distributed, centralized and hybrid. In the distributed model, each node interacts with each other, allowing for greater flexibility. The centralized model allows for commands sent from a network management console to each individual node.

The advantage of the distributed model is faster response, while the advantage of the centralized model is easy scanning of the entire network for better real-time decision-making and future optimization. The hybrid model balances the advantages of response time and central control.

Built-in intelligence and flexibility are the most powerful qualities of a self-organizing network. These qualities provide maximum efficiency through low power consumption. Furthermore, self-organizing networks have lower maintenance costs due to self-correcting capabilities. Ultimately, they reduce network disruptions.

Applications of Mesh Networks

  1. Public Service Communications - Mesh networks expand communication channels for public professions such as law enforcement and firefighting. They are particularly useful for off-grid areas, such as for search and rescue missions in the wilderness.
  2. Environmental Monitoring - Various environmental elements such as temperature, humidity, and pollution can be monitored with mesh networks. This type of monitoring is extremely helpful to farmers in evaluating crop conditions.
  3. Medical Monitoring - Doctors can connect with hospital patient data in real-time through mesh networks. It allows for 24/7 patient monitoring, using "always on" gadgets that contain IoT sensors.
  4. Industrial Monitoring - A mesh network can facilitate embedded sensors that contain procedural instructions for an industrial facility. Other advantages include wire cost reduction and collecting data for maintenance purposes.
  5. Security Systems - Electronic surveillance and alarm systems are supported by mesh networks, in which low-cost sensors are placed throughout a complex. Camera sensors can trigger an emergency response system when danger is present.
  6. Automotive Monitoring - The automotive industry keeps adding new networking devices every year to vehicles. Mesh networks are used for cloud-based autonomous vehicles. Through automated scanning, self-driving cars can detect the proximity of other vehicles.
  7. Military Communications - Mesh networks improve soldier-to-soldier communication systems with high-speed and high-capacity connectivity. They also integrate well with satellite communications, which provide powerful support for combat operations.
  8. Home Monitoring - Smart technology in homes utilize mesh networks, allowing for remote monitoring and control. Through one or more access points, the user can control the digital elements of the home. Since all the devices are interconnected, data signals have multiple transmission paths.
  9. Broadband Wireless Access - High-quality internet performance is achieved without cabling. Network coverage can improve by adding more nodes. Each user node plays the role of host and router while data packets move through an internet-connected gateway, taking multiple paths.
  10. Automatic Meter Reading - Low-cost mesh nodes can be used efficiently to collect data from utility meters. The network utilizes Ethernet for transferring data to a management portal.

Use Cases of Mesh Networks in IoT

  • Lighting - Wireless communication helps control lamps and delivers data to a database. In a modern lighting system, each light is a node with sensors. The sensors monitor the temperature of the lamps, as well as other metrics. A reliable lighting system doesn't depend on any one part of the system.
  • In-door environments - Retail outlets, warehouses, and offices commonly use mesh networks that are set up to cover large areas. Only base stations need internet access. Since installation is quick, setting up a mesh network doesn't require much planning.
  • Electricity monitoring - Wireless mesh networks are used by utility companies to cover large areas that cellular networks don't serve. Utilities install countless IoT sensors throughout their infrastructures, such as in power lines for grid monitoring and control.
  • City-scale systems - The advent of smart technology is leading to smart cities, as local governments adopt digital transformation. IoT sensors are now placed in street lights and trash cans to communicate with local services. One of the reasons wireless mesh networks work well for cities is the coverage self-extends as more devices join the network.

The Future of Wireless Mesh Network Market is Bright

The global market for wireless mesh networking reached $5.44 billion in 2021 and is expected to rise above $13 billion by 2028. The market will reach $9.66 billion by 2026, according to a Mordor Intelligence report published in 2021. The rise of smart technology in modern homes, offices and factories is helping drive the demand for mesh networks.

Some of the leading players in the current wireless mesh network market include Cisco Systems, Qualcomm Technologies Inc. and Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP. SkyQuest Technology has reported the number of businesses using wireless mesh networks will exceed 3 million by 2023.

Conclusion

Mesh networks are useful for businesses to connect with staff internally or with customers externally. They provide paths for data to take to ensure smooth transmission. This modern networking is an excellent solution for collaboration and various other environments that involve multiple connected nodes.

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